The river has low. River (4.8 km south of Tagrin Point). By Hannah Kilham, 1832. The Underneath of Things: Violence, History, and the Everyday in http://www.sierra-leone.org/index.html The area is calledWestern AreaorFreetown Peninsula. There is vertical oscillation of the Zool., IXL, Trewavas E (1983) Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. The 200year history of deforestation across Sierra Leone is outlined but the much more extensive impacts on the western and central river basins compared to the more protected forests in the east does not appear to have been reflected in major impacts on species distribution. The provinces are Eastern, Northern, North Western, and Southern. The iron extracted has resulted in reduction of the height of one of the ore bearing hills by 24.4 metres (80ft). By Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B., 1899. Scanned by Google. Written by British Lieutenant John Matthews about his experiences in Sierra Leone in 1785, 1786 and 1787. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12961-4, Skelton P (1993) Freshwater fishes of southern Africa. There is a research gap on the growth or wellbeing of tilapia fish species in Sierra. Scanned by Google. The dry season lasts from November to https://www.britannica.com/place/Sierra-Leone-River, Food And Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations - Sierra Leone. isobath is located at about 15 km from the shoreline. On a Collection of Sierra Leone Lepidoptera. [11] The site is bounded by Cape Point on the western side of the Freetown, by the Bunce River on one of its banks, and the Tagrin Point where areas of the Rokel joins at the southern end of its mouth. Scanned by Google. Geophysical monograph, no. From the time of their arrival on the shores of Sierra Leone in 1460, and until their gradual decline as leaders in world exploration in the sixteenth century, the Portuguese had an ambiguous relationship with their African trading partners. 5. pp 51, Payne AI, Wakeford RC, Ndomahina TE (2010) Fish distribution and zonation along a tropical African river basin, the Rokel/Seli river, Sierra Leone, West Africa. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. House of Commons, from page 316, 1791. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. conditions and the fisheries of Sierra Leone. Outline Map. The mean annual temperature is 26.6C 2015. The dynamics of fish populations in two African rivers are being investigated with a view to developing fishery management models for tropical non-floodplain rivers. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. The White Man's Grave: A Visit to Sierra Leone, in 1834, Volume I. 370 kilometers (200 nautical miles). Sierra Leone has no territories or dependencies. Scanned by Google. Apart from a mountainous peninsula some 45 km long, the coastal zone is flat with a fringing mangrove swamp extending 30 km inland. This river is tidal and during the There is a considerable Sierra Leone River, river, an estuary on the Atlantic, in western Sierra Leone. Flag. . Scanned by Google. The oceanographic factors affecting the hydrographic regime, the estuaries and According to Western Agricultural Economics Association, (WAEA), (2008), Sierra Leone's groundwater resources have not been extensively studied. Scanned by Google. During the dry season the estuarine areas have an average salinity of 31.3/00, Rev Hydrobiol Trop 23:329350, Paugy D, Leveque C, Teugels GG (2003) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa. the hydrographic conditions. Includes notes on the history of the Vai people. clays in quiet waters outside the estuary, and this is then overlain by silty sand and By A.H. Keane, F.R.G.S., 1895. The sediments consist of a series of sands, clays and gravels Article on Sierra Leone starts on page 238, 1788. Scanned by Google. around the Rokel/Sierra Leone estuary - based on Strasser-King (1979). Pap. predominantly muddy areas shaded and the predominantly sandy areas of Within and between river differences were analysed and a high degree of statistical similarity was found between the species composition of the major rivers. MRAC, Tervuren ORSTOM, Paris, p 410, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1986a) CLOFFA 2. Environ Biol Fish 101, 843864 (2018). mountains. sub-community, sparid community is associated with the type of bottom deposit and with This book discusses the diversity and variability of freshwater ecosystems in tropical Africa, the role of fish biodiversity, and the threats to fish biodiversity. The hydropower potential of Sierra Leone is estimated at 1513MW, scattered in 27 sites . Slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina, Sierra Leone, which is roughly circular in shape, is a compact country in the southwestern part of West Africa. Bumbuna hydroelectric project, Freetown; MRAG, London. Key Facts. The Sierra Leone River Estuary regularly accommodates important populations of wintering birds of global significance such as Ringed and Kentish Plovers, Sanderlings and Curlew Sandpipers. waters of Sierra Leone are affected by influx of solar energy. Scanned by Google. The Rokel River (also Seli River; previously Pamoronkoh River) is the largest river in the Republic of Sierra Leone in West Africa. Stanford's Compendium of Geography and Travel (New Issue), Africa Vol. Sierra Leone is a West African country. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty, 1860. Macaulay was twice Governor of Sierra Leone between 1794 and 1799. By Charles Raymond Beazley, 1894. Published in 1788. [6] are lined with mangroves. Substance of the Report Delivered by the Court of Directors of the Sierra Leone Company to the General Court of Proprietors, on Thursday the 19th March, 1798. 195180 was 122.7 in (311.6 cm). 1983). rainfall annually, compared to an average of approximately 315 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Hirsh, John. The wood of each tree species has its own characteristics, and by measuring their forms and structures, the trees give us information about their environments. The UN and Sierra Leone: An Enduring Relationship. Mills, D.D., Bishop of the United Brethren in Christ, 1898. Written by Sen Farren, and published in 2011 by the Sierra Leone Irish Partnership. Freetown and Pepel are the two ports located on the shores of the estuary. This page was last updated on February 24, 2021, All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, Moments In History That Were The Most Terrible Mistakes, The 7 Best Small Towns In Nevada To Chill Out, 11 Coolest Small Towns in Washington for a Summer Vacation, The Best Small Towns in the Gulf Coast To Chill Out. This indicates that the fish communities in the rivers of the Upper Guinean region are not so dependent on the equatorial forests that covered most, but not the entire region, but rather some other factor. Scanned by Google. It is situated between the seventh and tenth whereas in the wet season the average salinity value is 19.7/00 (Longhurst, 1983). The above map can be downloaded for free, and used for educational purposes like map-pointing activities. Reports of the Vienna Universal Exhibition of 1873, Part I. The Rokel/Seli River descends from the Guinea highlands and drains westward through Sierra Leone into the Atlantic Ocean. . Musee Roy. Centr. Muse royal de L'Afrique central-Tervuren-Belgique-Annales-Serie in-8-sciences Zoologiques-no. The Rokel River originates in the Loma https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184576, Sayer JA, Harcourt CS, Collins NM (1992) The conservation atlas of tropical forests: Africa. Iron ore and alluvial gold mining began in the late 1920s and early 1930s, while the Bumbuna Falls hydroelectric project is underway. the extent of fishing activities is water movement. is the most productive part of the equatorial area (Herbland and Le Bouteiller, 1982). Shenge Point (in the North) and Cape Saint Ann (in the South). Thomas Winterbottom M.D., Physician to the Colony of Sierra Leone, 1803. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. It is suggested that this factor is probably the rainfall and discharge pattern as evidenced by the coincidence, almost exactly, of the Upper Guinean with the 2500mm per year isohyet. PubMedGoogle Scholar, Allanson, B.R., Hart, R.C., OKeeffe, J.H., Robarts, R.D. Scanned by Google. From the information presented above, it can reasonably be established that horses thrived on the Freetown peninsula for sixty years and the disease which eliminated them was T. brucei. Some of the major ones like Rokel River, Taia River, Moa River, and Sewa River have been marked on the map. These waters are more or less permanently warm and with low salinity levels. Mean monthly temperatures This Africa protected areas related article is a stub. Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, Division of Water Technology, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa, You can also search for this author in Monographiae Biologicae, vol 64. ) (November-April) and the rainy season (May-October). Notes Africaines 46:5557, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1984) CLOFFA 1. [1], The Rokel river flow has been measured at three gauge stations. Abstract. By Lady Judith Cohen Montefiore, 1794. Scanned by Google. This is succeeded by a belt of forest and forested savanna, which rises in the north and east to the mountainous plateaus of the Fouta Djallon. Based on Longhurst (1983). Travels in Madeira, Sierra Leone, Teneriffe, St. Jago, Prices Island, etc. Scanned by Google. The districts are divided into 186 chiefdoms. By Tobias George Smollett, 1788. Recounts the story of Bai Bureh on p. 15-16 and mentions Sierra Leone on p. 260. Springer, Dordrecht. the continental shelf basin between Saint Ann Shoals and the Bissagos Islands (Longhurst, ( stable, shallow thermocline lying at mid-shelf depth and affecting the distribution of extending from May to October: high river discharges, reduced surface water salinities, 480 g cal cm-2 day -1 and 69 g cal cm-2 day -1 for the dry and wet season, respectively. By Sir Edward Hertslet, C.B., 1880. Scanned by Google. An Authentic Account of the Late Expedition to Bulam, on the Coast of Africa; with a description of the present settlement of Sierra Leone, and the adjacent country. Ian Payne, A. of rolling terrain, which is 64 kilometers (40 miles) wide at certain With a land area of 27,699 square miles (71,740 square kilometers), it is slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina. Misc Zool 22:2940, Reynolds JD (1970) Biology of the small pelagic fishes in the new Volta Lake in Ghana, Pt 1. The coastal plain covers a zone varying in width from about 8 to 40 Bishop of Sierra Leone, 1894. Scanned by Google. Appendix 1. Sierra Leone is bounded by Guinea to the north and northeast, Liberia to the south and southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. RSPB, Sandy, UK, p 45, Philippart J-C, Ruwet J-C (1982) Ecology and distribution of tilapias. Eucalyptus trees survive along the mostly dry river beds, fed by occasional downpours during the summer . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Sierra Leone has four distinct physical regions. winds blow from the Sahara Desert, bringing sandstorms but little rain. feet). A coastal swamp region that runs parallel to the Atlantic coast for around 320 km and comprises of a flat . There are several references to Sierra Leone, and three short and partially inaccurate articles on page 622. absence of reef-building corals in many tropical waters and explains the predominance of Scanned by Google. There are several references to Sierra Leone, and three short and partially inaccurate articles on page 622. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001. An Interesting Narrative of a Mission Sent to Sierra Leone in Africa by the Methodists in 1811; to which is prefixed an account of the rise, progress, disasters and present state of that colony, the whole interspersed with a variety of remarkable particulars. miles) from east to west, Land boundaries: The Mende, found in the east and south, and the Temne, found in the centre and northwest, form the two largest groups. A brief account of the characteristics of some of the Afr Tervuren 13:2940, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1969) An annotated bibliography of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae). [15], The flora in the estuary consists of mangrove forest. Published in 1899. beaches, and spits, cliffs, lagoons, estuaries, mangrove swamps, etc.). The Sierra Leone River is a river estuary on the Atlantic Ocean in Western Sierra Leone. The Great Scarcies forms part of the Sierra Leone Bordering Countries: PhD Dissertation, CNAA, Coventry Polytechnic, UK, p 402, Moriarty DJW (1973) The physiology of digestion of blue-green algae in the cichlid fish Tilapia nilotica. IUCN, London. Fig. LVI and XXVII). A Collection of Temne Traditions, Fables and Proverbs, with an English Translation. Tutorial Press, Harare, p 388, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1967) Op expeditie doorheen West African voor studie van de tilapia-vissen. Loma Mansa (1,948 meters/6,391 feet), Lowest point on land: Scanned by Google. By William Whitaker Shreeve, 1817. Gola Forest research Programme. 2 TERRITORIES AND DEPENDENCIES Sierra Leone has no territories or dependencies. An Essay on Colonization, particularly applied to the Western Coast of Africa, with some free thoughts on cultivation and commerce; also brief descriptions of the colonies already formed, or attempted, in Africa, including those of Sierra Leona and Bulama. Scanned by Google. Historic photos of Sierra Leone from the United Nations Photo Library. Scanned by Google. Republic of Sierra Leone, Area: https://doi.org/10.1641/B580507, Article There are oil and gas reserves under the ocean floor off the coast of the sea. MSC theisis, Coventry Polytechnic, UK, p 209, Henderson HF, Welcomme RL (1974) The relationship of yield to morpho-edaphic index and numbers of fishermen in African inland fisheries. Two Voyages to Sierra Leone during the years 1791-2-3. harmattan The The cyclothem (series of beds deposited) in Sierra Leone The clays deposited in tidal flats are subsequently invaded by The estuary of the centimeters (125 inches) in the rest of the country. It is formed by the Port Loko Creek and Rokel River and is between 4 and 10 miles wide (616 km) and 25 miles (40 km) long. The The ECC and the cold CC contribute to the Understanding of the ecological characteristic of the fish species also allows the potential impacts of hydropower schemes and other commercial projects on the fish and fisheries to be assessed. There is an eastward current, the Equatorial Counter Current (ECC) embedded between Colonies and Slaves: Relating to Colonies; Africans Captured; Jamaica; Slave Emancipation; Slave Trade. Substance of the Report Delivered by the Court of Directors of the Sierra Leone Company to the General Court of Proprietors on Wednesday the 26th October, 1791. Mrs. Norton, 1849. The cichlids in Barombi Mbo probably evolved there from two or three ancestral populations and now show clear ecological separation in their feeding and breeding, and the problem of speciation within the lake is of particular interest. The river is hemmed between the Sula Mountains on the southeast and the grantoid hills of the Gbengbe and Kabal hills on the west. volume101,pages 843864 (2018)Cite this article. as is indicated in Table 2. Characteristics, structure and resources of the sector Summary The shoreline of Sierra Leone is approximately 560 km long and includes the estuaries of three large rivernetworks (Scarcies, Sierra Leone and Sherbro) and four coastal islands.