The first describes the change from the territorial to the state form of government, and the second describes the secession of Alabama from the United States. Tennessee's Ordinance of Secession - davidrreynolds.org Ordinance of Secession, 1861. | Library of Congress A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Records of Ante-Bellum Southern . what southern cross was waved? Secession Documents: Introduction Civil Discourse The Alabama County That Tried to Secede from the South Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. A state's sovereign right to secede. The causes mentioned within these documents include the threat of Lincolns election (as a sectional candidate and perceived abolitionists), hostility from the Northern states and the abolition movement, the argument that the North was no longer upholding the mutual contract of the Constitution (particularly in terms of right to property and the protection of slavery), conflict over slavery in the western territories as the United States expanded in the nineteenth century, and direct defenses of racial slavery. Required fields are marked *. Arkansas Declaration The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. The convention adjourned on April 27, 1861. Fugitive Slave Act 1850. One-stop destination for complete information on all trending topics related to Alabama state. If you have trouble accessing this page and need to request an alternate format contact ehistory@osu.edu. These two states remained within the Union, but were regarded by the Confederacy as having seceded. Top of page The Richmond Daily Dispatch reported: The forts contained 78,000 stand of arms, 1,500 boxes of powder, 300,000 rounds of musket cartridges, and other munitions of war.. Item Description It was one of the original seven states to form the Confederacy on February 8, 1861. Sec. We, the people of the State of North Carolina in convention assembled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the ordinance adopted by the State of North Carolina in the convention of 1789, whereby the Constitution of the United States was ratified and adopted, and also all acts and parts of acts of the General Assembly ratifying and adopting amendments to the said Constitution, are hereby repealed, rescinded, and abrogated. Then, this is the place where you can find sources which provide detailed information. Secession itself occurred in two phases, sparked by specific events in 1860 and 1861. Part of the The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections Repository, some erosion (taking about ten letters); matted, glazed, and framed, Document to the people of Alabama from thirty-three men at the 1861 secession convention explaining why they did not sign the Ordinance of Secession. On January 11, 1861, a convention of elected delegates passed an ordinance withdrawing Alabama from the United States. Done by the people of the That so much of the first section of the seventh article of the constitution of this State as requires members of the Legislature and all officers, executive and judicial, to take an oath or affirmation to support the Constitution of the United States be, and the same is hereby, abrogated and annulled. Adopted 20 Nov 1861, by a "Convention of the People of Kentucky". And we do further hereby declare and ordain, That the State of Arkansas hereby resumes to herself all rights and powers heretofore delegated to the Government of the United States of America; that her citizens are absolved from all allegiance to said Government of the United States, and that she is in full possession and exercise of all the rights and sovereignty which appertain to a free and independent State. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled, That the people of the States of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri, be and are hereby invited to meet the people of the State of Alabama, by their Delegates, in South Carolina acted first, calling for a convention to secede from the Union. in the year of our Lord seventeen hundred and eighty-eight, whereby the constitution of the United States of America was assented to, ratified and adopted, and also all acts and parts of acts of the general assembly of this State, ratifying and adopting amendments to said constitution, are hereby repealed, rescinded and abrogated. Lewis Cass, stationed at Mobile to collect U.S. tariffs. Ordinance of Secession - Wikipedia of Alabama, by their Delegates, in Convention, on the 4th day of February, A.D., Geographic exposure to conflict between larger neighboring states also deterred secession in Delaware and Maryland. Secession Ordinances of 13 Confederate States. The first seven seceding states, all of the Deep South, were motivated mainly by two factors: the election in November 1860 of President Lincoln, who had no support among Southern voters, and the direct threat to slavery his election posed. Florida Secession (U.S. National Park Service) On January 11, 1861, a convention of elected delegates passed an ordinance withdrawing Alabama . Address. The Alabama Secession January 11, 2021 WalterCoffey Alabama, Secession 2 comments Three days before the Alabama State Convention was scheduled to begin at Montgomery, Governor Andrew B. Moore issued orders for state troops to seize all Federal forts and military facilities in Alabama. Tennessee's Ordinance of SecessionJune 8, 1861. Facsimile of the 1861 Ordinance of Secession signed by 293 delegates to the. a document similar to the United States Constitution, but with greater stress on the autonomy of each . be a Sovereign and Independent State. Be it further ordained, That the unconstitutional edicts of a factious majority of a Legislature thus false to their pledges, their honor, and their interests are not law, and that such a government is unworthy of the support of a brave and free people, and that we do therefore declare that the people are thereby absolved from all allegiance to said government, and that they have a right to establish any government which to them may seem best adapted to the preservation of their rights and liberties. The second phase of secession occurred after the attack on Fort Sumter. Annotation: The seceded states drafted the following ordinances of secession that severed their connection with the Federal Union in an attempt to preserve state rights and their different cultures. Adopted by the convention of Virginia April 17,1861 ratified by a vote of 132,201 to 37,451 on 23 May 1861. . Secession had been seriously mentioned as a political option at least as far back as the Missouri crisis of 1819-21, and threats to disrupt the Union occurred in every sectional crisis from the nullification era (1828-33) onward. A second resolution passed that enabled the remaining 24 opponents to sign a document acknowledging Alabamas decision without taking part in it. The conflict in Charleston did not necessarily cause the next four states to secede, but after Fort Sumter Lincoln issued his call for volunteer troops from the North to reclaim federal property in the South and combat the secession of the Southern states. Crowds gathered in front of the Capitol building in Montgomery, Alabama, the day that the secession bill was passed. The Civil War was not about slaveryhistorians hear this all the time, whether at historic sites, in the classroom, or in conversations with friends and strangers alike. powers over the Territory of said State, and over the people thereof, heretofore Alabama, in Convention assembled, That the State of Alabama now withdraws, and C.F. Alabama Ordinance of Secession of 1861. Resolved, By the people of Alabama, in Convention assembled That the State of Alabama cannot, and will not, submit to the Administration of Lincoln and Hamlin as President and Vice President of the United States, upon the principles referred to in the preamble. Civil Discourse: A Blog of the Civil War Era. Thousands from seceding states, including slaves where the opportunity arose, also chose to fight for the Union. SOUTH CAROLINA|MISSISSIPPI|FLORIDA|ALABAMA|GEORGIA|LOUISIANA|TEXAS|VIRGINIA|ARKANSAS|NORTH CAROLINA|TENNESSEE|MISSOURI|KENTUCKY, Secession Acts of the Thirteen Confederate States (Yale), SOUTH CAROLINA PDF RECORDS OF ANTE-BELLUM SOUTHERN PLANTATIONS FROM THE - LexisNexis Be it ordained, That we do hereby forever sever our connection with the Government of the United States, and in the name of the people we do hereby declare Kentucky to be a free and independent State, clothed with all power to fix her own destiny and to secure her own rights and liberties. "Secession Acts of the Thirteen Confederate States." Secession Acts of the Thirteen Confederate States. Before a packed house, a secession ordinance was introduced and passed by vote of sixty-five to five. Exploring the most important 55 months in American history, Three days before the Alabama State Convention was scheduled to begin at Montgomery, Governor Andrew B. Moore issued orders for state troops to seize all Federal forts and military facilities in Alabama. The remaining slave-holding states had to decide whether they would side with the Union against the South or secede and join the new Confederacyfour states decided to leave. Alabama Textual Materials Collection Ordinance of Secession, adopted by the Alabama constitutional convention of 1861. In addition, Kathleen was a seasonal interpreter at Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park from 2010-2014 and has worked on various other publications and projects. Two of these states were in the first phase of secession: Florida (third to secede on January 10, 1861) and Louisiana (sixth to secede on January 26, 1861). Alabama Secession Banner of 1861 (U.S.) Last modified: 2012-02-11 by rick wyatt Keywords: . Be it declared and ordained by the people of the State of Alabama in Convention assembled, That the State of Alabama now withdraws, and is hereby withdrawn from the Union known as "the United States of America," and henceforth ceases to be one of said United States, and is, and of right ought to be, a Sovereign and Independent State. ________________________________________KENTUCKY On January 19, the Tennessee legislature in special session beginning January 7 required that approval of a possible secession convention be put to referendum on February 9. The South Secedes. Done by the people of the State of Alabama, in Convention assembled, at Montgomery, on this, the eleventh day of January, A. D. 1861. Name: Mackenzie Gregory Date: 04/11/23 School: PCHS Facilitator: Lydia Ellis 6.05 Secession Total Points: 40 Part 1: Secession and And as it is the desire and purpose of Over the next few weeks I will post the documents of secession (with annotations) issued by the eleven Confederate states and two border states who ultimately did not secede. She earned her M.A. Stanchak, John E. (Patricia L. Faust ed. Journals of the Secession Convention, 1861 - Constitution of Texas Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled, That South CarolinaMississippiFloridaAlabamaGeorgiaLouisianaTexasVirginiaArkansasNorth CarolinaTennesseeMissouriKentucky. The captain was ordered to surrender into my hands, for the use of the State, the revenue cutter Lewis Cass, now under your command, together with her armaments, properties and provisions on board the same.. The force of events moved very quickly upon the election of Lincoln. . Only an even less influential rump convention purported to secede. We do further declare and ordain, That all rights acquired and vested under the Constitution of the United States, or any act of Congress, or treaty, or under any law of this State, and not incompatible with this ordinance, shall remain in force and have the same effect as if this ordinance had not been passed. Guide to the "To the People of Alabama": anti-secession document signed by Robert Jemison Jr. and other members of Alabama's 1861 secession convention Status Completed Date June 2014 Description rules Describing Archives: A Content Standard Language of description English Script of description . Secession Declarations Do Not Prove the War was over Slavery and menacing a character as to justify the people of the State of Alabama in the dangerous infractions of the constitution of the United States by many of the Order # 28. We, the people of the State of Louisiana, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the ordinance passed by us in convention on the 22d day of November, in the year eighteen hundred and eleven, whereby the Constitution of the United States of America and the amendments of the said Constitution were adopted, and all laws and ordinances by which the State of Louisiana became a member of the Federal Union, be, and the same are hereby, repealed and abrogated; and that the union now subsisting between Louisiana and other States under the name of "The United States of America" is hereby dissolved. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled. Sec. The new Republican Party was a purely Northern party with a platform that was anti-slavery. When Confederate armies invaded Kentucky in 1862, bringing extra arms to equip new volunteers, briefly seizing the state capital, and installing an ephemeral state government, local recruitment proved weak and Union forces soon decisively defeated the invasion. 3. The President appointed as the Committe of Fifteen to prepare Ordinance of Secession: L. Q. C. Lamar, of Lafayette; A. M. Clayton, of Marshall; G. R. Clayton, of Lowndes; Alfred C. Holt, of Wilkinson; Wiley P. Harris, of Hinds; J. Reno wrote his superiors: As it was impossible for me to hold this place with my seventeen men, I trust that the Department will not hold me responsible for this unexpected catastrophe., Governor Moore wrote to President James Buchanan explaining the reasons why he felt compelled to order the seizure of Federal property before the convention began: I was fully convinced by the evidences which I had that that convention withdraw the State of Alabama from the Government of the United States Being thus convinced I deemed it my duty to take every precautionary step to make the secession of the State peaceful, and prevent detriment to her people The purpose with which my order was given and has been executed was to avoid and not to provoke hostilities between the State and Federal government., On the 5th, Alabama militia took Forts Morgan and Gaines, which were vital in protecting the entrance to Mobile Bay. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE AND ORDINANCE dissolving the federal relations between the State of Tennessee and the United States of America. Every purchase supports the mission. And as it is the desire and purpose of the people of Alabama to meet the slaveholding States of the South, who may approve such purpose, in order to frame a provisional as well as permanent Government upon the principles of the Constitution of the United States, Many of these documents are very clear that slavery was central to their decision to leave the United States. Moderates were also placated by a motion to continue the ban on the African slave trade. AN ORDINANCE to dissolve the union between the State of Louisiana and other States united with her under the compact entitled "The Constitution of the United States of America." ill go w the Bonny Blue or the Rep of AL secession flag but not the southern cross, unless you know something i dont know. Journals of the Secession Convention, 1861 Introductory Material January 1861 February 1861 March 1861 Appendices Title Page Prefatory note List of abbreviations Chronology Preface Justification for Convention Statement of Governor Houston Proposal to elect delegates Recommendations of delegates Now the word "rights" can be found 14 times, and "right" appear 32 times in these four state secession . The website or any of the authors does not hold any responsibility for the suitability, accuracy, authenticity, or completeness of the information within. Alabama Ordinance of Secession | eHISTORY, Secession Documents: Alabama Civil Discourse, The Declaration of Causes of Seceding States | American Battlefield , Alabama : Constitution of January 7, 1861 Avalon Project, THE ALABAMA CONVENTION. White Georgians, along with other white southerners, disagreed over whether secession was a constitutional right (embodied in the national compact that grew out of . Governor Moores order of the past week to seize U.S. forts and military installations was retroactively endorsed. The secession convention, recalled in special session, met again in the Old State House in Little Rock on May 6. Civil Discourse: A Blog of the Civil War Era. We, the people of the State of Tennessee, waiving any expression of opinion as to the abstract doctrine of secession, but asserting the right, as a free and independent people, to alter, reform, or abolish our form of government in such manner as we think proper, do ordain and declare that all the laws and ordinances by which the State of Tennessee became a member of the Federal Union of the United States of America are hereby abrogated and annulled, and that all the rights, functions, and powers which by any of said laws and ordinances were conveyed to the Government of the United States, and to absolve ourselves from all the obligations, restraints, and duties incurred thereto; and do hereby henceforth become a free, sovereign, and independent State. Georgia Secession Convention of 1861 - New Georgia Encyclopedia South Carolina, Mississippi, Georgia, and Texas also issued separate documents purporting to justify secession. This ordinance shall take effect and be an act of this day, when ratified by a majority of the voter of the people of this State cast at a poll to be taken thereon on the fourth Thursday in May next, in pursuance of a schedule hereafter to be enacted. Complete and original . ________________________________________VIRGINIA In this essay, the author. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled, That the people of the States of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri, be and are hereby invited to meet the people of the State of Alabama, by their Delegates, in Convention, on the 4th day of February, A.D., 1861, at the city of Montgomery, in the State of Alabama, for the purpose of consulting with each other as to the most effectual mode of securing concerted and harmonious action in whatever measures may be deemed most desirable for our common peace and security. . Whereas, in addition to the well-founded causes of complaint set forth by this convention, in resolutions adopted on the 11th of March, A.D. 1861, against the sectional party now in power in Washington City, headed by Abraham Lincoln, he has, in the face of resolutions passed by this convention pledging the State of Arkansas to resist to the last extremity any attempt on the part of such power to coerce any State that had seceded from the old Union, proclaimed to the world that war should be waged against such States until they should be compelled to submit to their rule, and large forces to accomplish this have by this same power been called out, and are now being marshaled to carry out this inhuman design; and to longer submit to such rule, or remain in the old Union of the United States, would be disgraceful and ruinous to the State of Arkansas: