Voici un savant rabin qui dit bien que la Gense vient de babylone, et alors ? Cuneiform is known to be one of the oldest forms of writing, where cuneiform simply means wedge-shaped. The gods themselves were terrified: fleeing, they climbed to the sky of Anu where, like dogs, they remained curled up. She threw me on the river without me being able to escape. 4- author 2 is called E. because he uses the plural Elohim meaning the gods so gods as in Sumerian history. Perhaps, when we compare it to the other creation stories weve discussed, we can come up with commonplaces between all of them, and thus, a commonplace between all cultures in regards to the creation of the Universe. However, if one can assume that the book of Genesis is inspired by God, then the idea of the Genesis flood account being borrowed from Gilgamesh does not work. [17]:140, Inanna was the Sumerian goddess of love, sexuality, prostitution, and war. The Sumerian language is the oldest linguistic record. I think early societies which hadn't yet learned to accurately measure the length of the year to within a day used the cycle of the moon as a visual counter of a person's age. Before the beginning of kingship in Sumer, the city-states were effectively ruled by theocratic priests and religious officials. Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality. Sens2lavie.com, The Sumerian and Egyptian origin of the Bible, evidence. Mesopotamian relition was polytheistic. Their order of importance and the relationships between the deities has been examined during the study of cuneiform tablets. In Genesis, Eve is fashioned from Adam's rib and her name hawwa The Sumerian Flood Story (also known as the Eridu Genesis, The Flood Story, Sumerian Creation Myth, Sumerian Deluge Myth) is the oldest Mesopotamian text relating the tale of the Great Flood which would appear in later works such as the Atrahasis (17th century BCE) and The Epic of Gilgamesh (c. 2150-1400 BCE).. However, according to some researchers, it is it that, via the proto-Sinaitic, gave birth to the Phoenician alphabet, which in turn will be at the origin of the Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek alphabets, i. e. Latin and Cyrillic characters. During the Third Dynasty of Ur, the Sumerian city-state of Lagash was said to have had sixty-two "lamentation priests" who were accompanied by 180 vocalists and instrumentalists.[10]. Most major gods had a so-called sukkal, a minor deity serving as their vizier, messenger or doorkeeper. Adad extended his deathly silence into heaven, reducing to darkness all that had been luminous. (MT 10:35-37, LK 12:51-53, 14:26, MT 23:9) God and Murder: God says killing is wrong, yet he advocates genocide. Notons que dautres divinits peuvent jouer un rle plus direct dans la cration de la faune, de ses modes de vie, et de ce qui lui permet de subsister, mme si le dmiurge reste linstance suprieure lorigine de toute vie. Abraham was a native of the great Sumerian city Ur. He is referred to as the one who put the king on his fathers throne, an appellation reserved only for the God Amon Ra! A similar story is described in the Sumerian tablets. One striking example relates to the disciples James and John, which MacDonald believes are based, at least in part, on the Gemini Twins. Although the stories are not identical (for example, when God spoke to Noah, it was not in a dream) there is obvious parallel to the biblical flood account. his wounds. Doggerland, Variousunder water cities and roads in Greece and Egypt, The lapita in samoa, Gulf of Combay city near India. Sumer, in Mesopotamia, was called 'the land of civilized kings'. [29] Ninurta was the son of Enlil and Ninlil. First the underground world was believed to be an extension of the goddess Ki, but later developed into the concept of Kur. Chronicles series suggests that the Bible ought to be read literally as a historic/scientic document, and that ancient civilizations-- , La Croix, the largest French Catholic newspaper. The Sumerian-Akkadian pantheon was altered, most notably with the introduction of a new supreme deity, Marduk. First, Nammu, the primeval waters, gave birth to Ki (the earth) and An (the sky), who mated together and produced a son named Enlil or El. You wrote, "The Gemini Twins were known to call fire down from the sky referring to their fathers lightning bolts and had been known in Greek myth to have destroyed entire villages with that power.". Why is it that people say the ancient Sumerian tablets are similar to the book of Genesis? Jesus and the Family: The Bible says honor your father and mother, yet Jesus says you must hate your father, mother, wife, children, and even your own life to be a disciple, and says to call no man on earth your father. This account is very similar to that of the birth of Moses, written by Jewish priests who were in exile in Babylon in the 7th century BC when this surprising story was told from the banks of the Tigris in Iraq to those of the Tiber in Italy. The first ten represented the solar system and the others represented the masses of stars in space. The Eridu Genesis shines light on the bare bones of creation. ADAD - The Babylonian god of storms, a darker version of the Sumerian god Ninurta.Known to the Sumerians as Ishkur, he is depicted with a lion-headed dragon or a bull and carrying a hammer or lightning bolt. They were simply asked to focus only on a particular divinity, which is called henotheism. It has long been suggested that stories in the Bible are retellings of far more ancient accounts. He too weathers the deluge aboard a huge boat. The Anunnaki found themselves in a lot of trouble until a solution was found: the creation of men! Nous pouvons formaliser ces mmes hypothses pour les religions polythistes anciennes telles que celles de Summer, de Msopotamie, dAkkadie, de Babylone, dAssyrie, dInde dont on trouve des crits de plusieurs millnaires avant notre re. Even if some rabbis explain that those who ask themselves the question know nothing about it, that it is normal to write God in the plural, the answers they give are far from convincing. What Are the Similarities and Differences Between Beltane and Walpurgis Night? In conclusion, it is not just skeptics and unbelievers who look for parallels between Sumerian religious ideas and customs and the book of Genesis. Why not. From Dr. Malhotras and others claims, it is commonly thought that the origin of the Sumerians is indeed unknown. (Gen. 2:9-10) In the the legendary first wife of Adam. If Amos, Nahum, Habakkuk, Haggai, Malachi were names of real people, why are they not found elsewhere in Biblical history? His consort was the goddess Shala. From an historical or literary point of view, this is hard to disprove. The Sumerian writers, by playing on words, came to identify The Lady of the Coast with The Lady who gives life. Enki fills it with lagoons and palm trees. La terre ayant subi plusieurs dsastres majeurs tant un champ fertile approprie une rintroduction. Romans Class for the West Coast School of Ministry. Neolithic Stone Balls: The Northern Rosetta Stone? Why do people try to find relationships between these? may contain the predecessor to the tree of knowledge of good and Enlil, after the failures of his attempts to exterminate men, was increasingly exasperated and decided to end it by triggering the Flood and forbidding Ea to communicate with them. As late as Ezekiel, there is mention of a There have always been many controversies about the authors of the Bible, and many implausibilities as in the texts attributed to Moses where he describes his own burial! It first appeared in archaeological records around 3100 B.C. from one another by a solid dome. But if the astonishing conclusions of a Biblical researcher from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) are correct, Beltane is an ancient Gaelic festival celebrating the beginning of summer and the renewal of life. The rest of the story tells that men served the Gods perfectly but they multiplied too quickly, made too much noise and eventually disturbed the Gods who decided to exterminate them. Contrairement la vision biblique de la cration, qui accorde lHomme une place centrale, la religion gyptienne antique considre que lHomme nen est quun lment, au mme titre que les minraux, les vgtaux et les animaux (Germond et Livet, 2001). Imaginons un instant que ces diffrents Dieux ntaient pas le fruit de limagination des anciens, mais quils taient bien rels. Enki was god of freshwater, male fertility, and knowledge. [17]:58, The entrance to Kur was believed to be located in the Zagros mountains in the far east. The full story can be found here: Utu was god of the sun, whose primary center of worship was the E-babbar temple in Sippar. and dominated Mesopotamia for the next . 3- Author 1 was called J. because it is clear that he belonged to the tribe of Judah and because he speaks of Yahweh, and not of Elohim (the gods). to a wall. And, at the entrance to the treasure room, guarding the tomb, lying on a chest, the dog Anubis (or Anapi): in Hebrew, Nabi means guardian of the law. There have been many attempts at translations, but the most relevant of all has been that of sumerology researcher Anton Parks. those born as deities, Inanna does as well. It is also possible that the purpose of the Bible was to gather all the knowledge of this people after terrible disasters: In his book Worlds in Collision, Dr. Immanuel Velikovsky compares the ancient texts of many people around the world that relate to major disasters such as the account of the ten plagues of Egypt mentioned in the Exodus. The Coffin Texts [c. 2100-1800BCE] are pretty darn old. Certains Textes des Pyramides Vme dynastie, vers 2500 ans avant J.C. indiquent que le dieu originel Atoum engendra huit divinits (SHOUT & TEFNOUT qui engendrrent GEB la terre et NOUT le ciel, qui engendrrent OSIRIS ISIS SETH NEPHTYS HOTUS lancien ne pas confondre avec Horus fils dISIS et OSIRIS) responsables de la cration du monde. I am sure that those who do this do so for a variety of reasons. [13]:3740 Enlil separated An from Ki and carried off the earth as his domain, while An carried off the sky. The Sumerians were an ancient people that occupied Sumer, that is, the southern region of Mesopotamia, which is now southern Iraq. And, from then on, everything became clear: the enigmas of the Bible, the names with strange consonances because they were foreign, the characters, the History. [17]:114 It had seven gates, through which a soul needed to pass. la thorie des anciens astronautes dErich Von Daniken, Cuneiform tablets containing the list of Sumerian kings leave historians perplexed. Again, we see an incredible similarity with the accounts of James and John. It is unclear when the first settlers of the region arrived, but they were a non-Semitic people that historians believe may have come out of the Samarra culture in northern Mesopotamia or Assyria. It too is lush and has fruit bearing trees. [26]:58[27]:231234 His primary consort was Ninlil, the goddess of the south wind,[28]:106 who was one of the patron deities of Nippur and was believed to reside in the same temple as Enlil. Around -1200, the Egyptian sage Amnmop wrote a list of about thirty maxims and recommendations for educating his son. [17]:109 She was the divine personification of the planet Venus, the morning and evening star. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. But the latter bypassed the difficulty by addressing Atrahasis in a dream. The Sumerian god An, for example, developed the Akkadian counterpart Anu; the Sumerian god Enki became Ea. Shotelel, Pharaohs second wife, had also given him a son: Siptah but he has polio. Assuming the second possibility, the question becomes who borrowed from whom? Jsus connaissait tout ce que vous crivez et pourtant il a enseign comment gurir les malades et comment chasser les dmons (dmons au sens gnrique des influences qui oppressent les gens, que ce soit une entit malfique, dmoniaque, ou un tre multidimensionnel comme certains extra terrestres appels reptiliens mais il y en a dautres). Both were formed in the cultural context of Mesopotamia. On October 9, 1929, a German theologian named Gustav Adolf Deissmann was cataloguing items in the Topkapi Palace library in Istanbul when he happened across a curious parchment located among some As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. introduces the paradise Eden, a place which is similar to the Sumerian This is perhaps appealing to some as Dumuzi's Akkadian But in reality, Moses exercises power directly and his provocative arrogance and clumsiness soon highlighted his inadequacies and lightness. Skeptical, non-believing scholars try to paint early Judaism as polytheistic, but there is no solid evidence for this. [12] I know the Middle East is an area we are both interested in digging and studying in. First, Nammu, the primeval waters, gave birth to An (the sky) and Ki (the earth), who mated together. It was also suggested that they migrated from the west coast of India. 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[17]:134[14]:184 Galla were a class of demons that were believed to reside in the underworld;[17]:85 their primary purpose appears to have been to drag unfortunate mortals back to Kur. If you are a believer and this article upsets you, you should know that it does not challenge some of the teachings in the Bible and invites you to read the articles below. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); @2020 - All Right Reserved. The Gemini Twins were known to call fire down from the sky referring to their fathers lightning bolts and had been known in Greek myth to have destroyed entire villages with that power. will enjoy the epic stories of Ancient Mesopotamia that echoed through other great works like the Bible and the Odyssey. The Origin and Development of the Cuneiform System of Writing 302 B. The inscription mentions the god, the religious beliefs of later Mesopotamian peoples, "An/Anu (god): Mesopotamian sky-god, one of the supreme deities; known as An in Sumerian and Anu in Akkadian", "Ancient Mesopotamian Beliefs in the Afterlife", "Was dust their food and clay their bread? Priests were responsible for continuing the cultural and religious traditions of their city-state, and were viewed as mediators between humans and the cosmic and terrestrial forces. 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How can you say that we are not sure which came earlier? MSSW, Moses or Beya (his Canaanite name) gets Tausret, the first wife of the deceased pharaoh, to agree to see the young Siptah, son of Shotelel, ascend the throne of Egypt. Along the side of Yanmen Shan mountain, located twenty kilometers to the east of Nanjing, China, the legendary Yangshan quarry can be found. I think you are just getting mixed up with the actual Biblical account in the New Testament in Luke 9:54 when James & John ask Jesus if they can destroy a Samaritan town/village with fire. 4- The text underlines the easy childbirth of Ninhursag and her goddaughters, a facility that Eve loses in the biblical text. Toward the end of the Sumerian civilization, ziggurats became the preferred temple structure for Mesopotamian religious centers. queen of the abyss and Enki's mother, bids Enki to "Kneed the [11] Underneath the terrestrial earth, which formed the base of the dome, existed an underworld and a freshwater ocean called the Abzu. writings of the Bible. An Inspirational Courtesans Tale, Was Anne of Cleves Too Ugly for King Henry VIII? Did both accounts arise from a common real event in the distant past? This idea based on the Sumerian myth known as Enki and Ninhursag (see ANET, pp. However, if one can assume that the book of Genesis is inspired by God, then the idea of the Genesis flood account being borrowed from Gilgamesh does not work. Listen Top Shows Blog Discover #PoliticsAF Show!HOT ON THE TRAIL OF TRUMP GOIN' 2 FN JAIL! The Sumerian god Enlil becomes Abraham's El, the Elohim becomes Eloha. Ancient Sumerian Mythology The Chronicles Of The Sumerian Peoples Myths And Epics Gilgamesh And Beyond Greek Mythology Babylonian . Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. The story contains topics relating to kingship, the first cities, and sacrifice. Copyright 2022 . The Sumerian god Enlil becomes Abrahams El, the Elohim becomes Eloha. The Great Flood, and the building of an ark that housed the seeds of mankind, are both mentioned in the Eridu Genesis. The account which numbers those Patriarchs as ten is [13]:3740 An and Ki mated with each other, causing Ki to give birth to Enlil, the god of wind, rain, and storm. No more than this one: on a wall of the tomb, the double cartouche (the engraved signature) of an obscure pharaoh, Ai, whose name, in hieroglyphics, resembles that in the Aramaic Bible, of God, pronounced Adonai (Aton-Ai). And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. It should be noted that the word El in Hebrew has come to designate the one God, especially in the compound names IsraEL, GabriEL, EmmanuEL, etc. Throughout the history of civilization, the notion of the apocalypse has been a recurring theme in human history, transcending cultures and religions. The epic was almost certainly composed before 2000 BC. The princes of Egypt soon revolted and took up arms. 5- Author 3 was called P. because it was established in his use of words and style that he was a priest. Lahar and Ashnan or Enten and Emesh are similar in some respects [36] In later myth, her husband was the god Nergal. Aqqi the water pumper adopted me as his son and raised me. While the origin of the Sumerians is unknown, (it is said that they may have come from the east), there have been many hypotheses that seek to answer this mystery. While I was a gardener, the goddess Itar fell in love with me and so I exercised royalty for fifty-six years. Although a close correlation exists between these lists, it seems the Sumerian list has omitted the first man and the man who survived the Flood (Adam and Noah). In the book of Genesis, the patriarchs never take a stand against the other gods, they simply attach themselves to El. from the University of Copenhagen, and his Ph.D. from the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago. Might there be opportunities that arise later for people to be saved? This theory differs considerably from the history of creation as accepted by theistic religions. It is only the Canaanite form of the Sumerian god Enlil. Only one woman had dared to do this before her, the great Hatshepsut. Man would be a creation in the image of the gods except that he would not have their life span, would not have their powers and would have to work at their services instead of the Igigi. [33] Utu was principally regarded as a dispenser of justice;[14]:184 he was believed to protect the righteous and punish the wicked. The gods, smelling the good smell, swirled like flies around the priest. [14]:203 The planet Venus was believed to be Inanna, the goddess of love, sex, and war. (Their female equivalents were known as Nin.) According to these texts, Sargon I, the conqueror of the Sumerian cities, was abandoned baby to the waters of the Euphrates by his mother in a wicker basket sealed with bitumen. (New American Bible Dilmun is a pure, bright, and holy land - now often identified with Im surprised that no one has corrected the text. Most of them have common threads, but they also have unique story lines and characters that make them their own. Returning to Enki and Ninhursag, we find a possible parallel to In the 19th century linguists studied the Bible and came to several incredible conclusions: 2- We find the precise style of 4 authors totally different in time, in their training, their way of writing, their way of describing, in their interests and their choice of vocabulary. [13]:3740 Then, Nammu gave birth to An, the sky, and Ki, the earth. sweet water. In his flight Moses is always accompanied by Tausret whose royal name bears the epithet of Beloved of Amen, Myriam in Egyptian, as the first name of Moses sister in the biblical account. Though scholars know the Anunnaki as the gods of ancient Mesopotamia, fringe theorists believe they are ancient alien invaders from the planet Nibiru. flood lasts a long time, but Ziusudra comes to rest within seven The question naturally arises: Where did these obvious parallels arise? He lived between -848 and -722 according to Friedman, and around -920 according to Bloom. [21] The Sumerians originally practiced a polytheistic religion, with anthropomorphic deities representing cosmic and terrestrial forces in their world. Enlil saw after the disaster that his plans had once again been thwarted, yet he remained calm because he understood that the disappearance of men would bring them back to the situation that had led to their creation. Dans les lgendes bouddhistes, Bouddha parle aussi dtres reptiliens ou Naga, qui peuvent prendre lapparence humaine. or even a goddess (I Kings 11:5) or men considered superior (Exodus 4:16, I Samuel 28:13, Zechariah 12:8). There are significant similarities between the Gilgamesh epic and the flood account in Genesis, which seem to defy coincidence. If there is no trace of the Bible Moses among the Egyptians, there are many traces of a Moses at the court of Egypt, here is his story: From 1197 to 1190 BC, Egypt was ruled by the old Pharaoh Seti II (1203 1197), who succeeded Merneptah. This is a potentially fruitful area of research for Bible believers as well. So, good, honest, open-minded scholars and students of religion will look for parallels and comparisons between Judaism and Mesopotamian religion. Then he took a swallow and dropped it; the swallow left, but she came back. 143-44).. To make a long story short, the god Enki out of curiosity eats 8 plants in the paradise of . Site design and hosting by . During the Old Babylonian Period, the Sumerian and Akkadian languages were retained for religious purposes; the majority of Sumerian mythological literature known to historians today comes from the Old Babylonian Period,[5] either in the form of transcribed Sumerian texts (most notably the Babylonian version of the Epic of Gilgamesh) or in the form of Sumerian and Akkadian influences within Babylonian mythological literature (most notably the Enma Eli). Sumerian creation myth The earliest record of a Sumerian creation myth, called The Eridu Genesis by historian Thorkild Jacobsen, [1] is found on a single fragmentary tablet excavated in Nippur by the Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania in 1893, and first recognized by Arno Poebel in 1912. 37-41) keeps popping up, especially in popular literature and on the internet. (Hooke, p. 130) The clearest Biblical parallel comes from le reste, cest dire la capacit grer des rvlations toujours plus bouleversantes, vous sera donn par surcrot. He was raised with the Egyptian nobility, but he is a Canaanite of origin. analog, Tammuz, appears in the Bible, however Dumuzi's periodic Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality www.ipibooks.com), historical and archaeological accuracy of Genesis (Reasons For Belief www.ipibooks.com), and so forth. The king-priest, wearing a net skirt and a hat with leaves or feathers, stands before the door of a temple, symbolized by two great maces. Ninhursag and causes eight new plants to grow from the earth. According to the Bible, Abraham received a call from God when he was 75 years old.
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