Assessing the flows or processes (i.e. An exponent of 1 represents an inverse. It was developed by harmonizing and detailing supply-use tables for a large number of countries, estimating emissions and resource extractions by industry. Report No. direct emissions, waste generation, or resource use). US Territories and Tribal Lands are not included. Although it is economic data, the handling of it is identical to that of the environmental and employment data used to construct the satellite tables. Young, B., Birney, C. & Ingwersen, W. National commercial hazardous waste totals by industry 2017 v1.1. Crop Irrigation water withdrawals are allocated proportionally using water use by crop type. Other basic organic chemicals leapt 6 places, while Truck transport fell 7 places. That is, for each row in the waste management columns, the original value is multiplied by these default percentages and assigned to the corresponding disaggregated column along that row. The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is using USEEIO to model the life cycle impacts of power plant infrastructure. The calculated per capita GHG in the US production view of 15.57 MTCO2e/person is reasonably close to a World Bank tabulated estimate of 15.77 MTCO2e/person in 201266, considering USEEIO v2.0 is a mixed year model with the GHG emissions data representing 2016 intensity in 2012 USD. The v1.2 model data used here for comparison were acquired from the USEEIO-API. In Fig. These values can be found in the WasteDisaggaregation_Use sheet of the primary data record (in the rows labeled Use column sum). Results for these commodities should not be used for analytical purposes. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment (2023), Scientific Data (Sci Data) Green Purchasing in Alameda County, CA The same indicators used in v1.113 along with the three indicators (CNHW, CNHWC, CRHW) for waste generation8 are used in v2.0 (Table3). In these datasets, emissions are reported by county and assigned to source classification codes. For instance, BEA code 1111A0 oilseed farming only connects to NAICS 5-digit codes 11111 soybean farming and 11112 oilseed (except soybean) farming in the table, but in fact 11111 and 11112 have single child codes 111110 soybean farming and 111120 oilseed (except soybean) farming, respectively, as well as shared parent codes 1111 oilseed and grain farming, 111 crop production, and 11 agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting. Report No. The Sector Crosswalk is available as part of the primary data record24. In some . The footprint of US consumption or production, measured in GHGs, water, or any of the 20+indicators present in Table3 can be calculated using the model. Estimates for scope 3 categories can vary in accuracy depending on the available data and the organizations quantification goal. Impact of locational choices and consumer behaviors on personal land footprints: An exploration across the urban-rural continuum in USA. In v1.2, national land use by animal type were calculated by importing and summing state level data for land in farms from USDA CoA. The Criteria Air and GHG emissions data from 2017 and 2016, respectively, that drive these data replaced 2011 and 2013 data in v1.2 and likely reflect the continued phase out and substitution of ozone depleting substances70. for industry i is prepared using Eq. U.S. EPA Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for U.S. Commodities and Industries The U.S. EPA Supply Chain Emission Factors for U.S. Industries and Commodities dataset is a comprehensive set of supply chain emission factors covering all categories of goods and services in the U.S. economy. Table5 provides a list of all final demand columns included in the BEA Detail Use table and their respective association with the final demand variable. Thus whatever is not explicitly allocated to 562211, Hazardous waste disposal, is assumed to go to Solid waste landfilling, 562112. Sci. The Make table is normalized by the commodity output vector, q to create what is also known as the market shares matrix. Table 1 shows EPA's recommended source of emission factors for each scope 3 category. Only two categories use a specific method (e.g., supplier-specific method, fuel-based method) in year one and seven in year five. Although these emissions are not under the organizations control, the organization may be able to affect the activities that result in the emissions. led on the disaggregation methodology and associated software development in useeior, and wrote the associated section in the manuscript. Many organizations quantify greenhouse emissions in their value chain. The Water_national_2015_m1 model differs from the Water Use Satellite table compiled for v1.13 in several ways. For national USEEIO models, results calculated with these variables represent US region results. N is an indicator x sector matrix and contains in each row i the direct and indirect impact result per 1 USD output of sector j. If not, default heat contents are provided. 17, 19) matrix, representing total indicator amount for each indicator. The data includes fresh and saline water withdrawn from surface and ground sources and evaporative water loss to the atmosphere. The tools provide companies, governments, and other organizations with accessible, easy-to-use resources to advance sustainable materials management and realize the multiple benefits it offers, such as reducing waste, increasing efficiency and profitability, and improving the environment. Scope 3 emission sources include emissions both upstream and downstream of the organizations activities. When imports are greater than final consumption and exports for a given commodity, the demand value will be negative. Accordingly, the waste shipped from and to waste management sectors are used as the basis for the mapping of the waste management intersection in the Use table. QCEW publishes national annual employment at the 6-digit NAICS; no additional allocation is required for use in v2.0. In Eq. The USDA CoA state data was summed with the allocated MLU remainder land for total grazing land by animal. In a default allocation, all columns are disaggregated according to the default percentage values for each of the disaggregated sectors. Point source releases to air reflect facility reported releases in these datasets and include both criteria and toxic air pollutants. Econ. The BEA Use table reports the data for final US demand by these consumers, grouping them at varying levels of resolution depending on the level of resolution of the Use table (i.e., sector, summary or detail). Zhuang, X. Sci Data 9, 194 (2022). For the disaggregated waste management sectors, the Make table intersection represents the amount of the Waste management and remediation services commodities (rows) produced by each of the waste management industries (columns). Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The greatest discrepancies in land use impact intensities between the two models occur in agricultural industries, with a decrease in intensity for Cattle ranches and feedlots and an increase in intensity for Animal farms and aquaculture ponds (except cattle and poultry) and Timber and raw forest products. Total flows or impacts associated with a given amount of final demand are calculated using two perspectives that produce the same overall flow or impact totals but associate the totals with different sectors. The reader should refer to Table3 for the source of the impact method characterization factors used to construct the N and D matrices. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in The modeling steps were written in Python and consolidated into a software package called flowsa. Read more in their carbon methodology, available on their carbon footprint site. Darker shade indicates a relatively higher score. Therefore, selecting the correct project type is pivotal. The largest visible change in GHG intensity was seen in the electricity sector, with a nearly 2kg CO2e/$ decrease. Alameda Countys Supply Chain Sustainability Report, developed using the USEEIO, provides a guide for how government purchasing can be a catalyst for matching sustainability with advancing the health and wellbeing of its citizens. This can be performed by subtracting the import matrix, Um from the Use matrix to estimate a domestic Use table, Ud, as in Eq. 26. The production vector adds to the consumption vector the net trade balance as well as inventory/stock changes. This report, Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for U.S. Industries and Commodities, describes the preparation of those factors with a background on the modeling associated with this preparation, and presents extensive analysis of the factors, including supporting equations and results in two appendices. 13. More information about this update is provided in the Procedure for Model Building section. This article references the work completed to create the Pathzero US EEIO emissions multipliers used in the Pathzero platform. In some cases, environmental flows may appear in more than one satellite table if the associated sectors do not overlap. 30, where V' is the transposed model Make table, which is normalized by multiplying it by the diagonalized form of the inverse of model output, x. Depending on the data available for the location of product use, apply eGRID subregion or U.S. national average factors. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Heijungs, R. & Suh, S. The Computational Structure of Life Cycle Assessment. sectors in an EEIO model) that drive a particular indicator value is a conventional analytical practice in life cycle assessment18. Young, B., Birney, C., Chiquelin, C. & Ingwersen, W. National criteria and hazardous air pollutant totals by industry 2017 v1.1. & Birney, C. USEEIO v2.0.1-411 Build and Validation Script. The overall consistency in the impact intensities and rankings between v2.0 and v1.2 confirms relative consistency and robustness in the model with some changes that can be explained based on input data changes or methodological improvements. While the model does cover these impacts, they are modeled with a domestic technology assumption, which assumes imports are produced with the same inputs and produce the same emissions per dollar commodity as US commodites. This information is used to perform a default allocation of the expenses of the disaggregated waste management sectors along the Use table columns, except for the waste management sectors intersection and the value-added sectors. 14). Users should be aware of the limitations of using the Rest of World results. In v2.0, one of the BEA commodities is split into 7 further resolved (more specific) commodities (404+7=411). Expanding the definition of industrial water use allowed for calculation of impact intensities for industries not previously captured, such as industries within wholesale trade, retail trade, and professional and business services.
La Angels Scouting Staff,
Usb C Pcie Expansion Card,
Edina, Mn Sign Ordinance,
Baby Yoda Cake Pan,
Articles E