[12], Most of the artillery had been hauled from Trebells Landing across the peninsula six miles to the artillery park by October 6 allowing Knoxs men to concentrate on completing the batteries and moving guns and mortars into them. [7], The original commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment, Col. Thomas Proctor, had resigned in April so Knox appointed as his replacement the 1st Regiments Lieutenant Colonel Carrington, then serving as Deputy Quartermaster General for Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army. You will then need to scroll through the images until you find the correct image. George Washington Papers at the Library of Congress, 1741-1799 . 19, 1781 Name Battle of Springfield; Battle of Yorktown. Often this Army was reinforced with units created by individual states. [Muster rolls, etc., 1743-1787] - Archive Oct . This series is arranged in two chronological segments (18981930 and 19311939), and thereunder alphabetically by the name or type of vessel or shore unit. bunna@archive.org To trace a mans army career by way of the musters, you will have to know the name of his regiment. The Battle of Cowpens - National Park Service Revolutionary War - Rosters and Records - PA-Roots Missing Record types contained in this collection include: Muster rolls Payrolls Strength returns Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units When news of Cornwalliss surrender reaches London on November 25, the Prime Minister, Lord North, declares, Oh God. On October 1, 1781, he mustered 382 officers and men present and fit for duty representing the Continental artillery regiments as follows: Much credit must go to the thirty-one-year-old Knox and his field officers for training his regiments from the beginning of the war such that the officers and men in this diverse corps, supported by a large group of non-artillerists, could perform as efficiently as they did during the siege. Both sides were desperately seeking a definitive victory. British general Charles Lord Cornwallis dispatched Major Patrick Ferguson to North Carolina in early September 1780. It is a stunning victory with the Americans sustaining only 34 casualties. William Feltman (Philadelphia: Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1853), 18; Diary of Captain James Duncan, of Colonel Moses Hazens Regiment in the Yorktown Campaign, 1781, Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series (Harrisburg: E.K. and Knox brought together the four elements described above in a Corps of Artillery at Yorktown. Thomas Bliss may have remained at Head of Elk to forward supplies to the army, according to Monthly Return of the Corps of Artillery September 1781, GLC02437.10495, GLI. Analysis of the Muster Rolls. One observer, Feltman, The Journal of Lt. William Feltman, 21, counted twenty-seven American and thirty-three French artillery pieces (not counting the leftmost French battery) in the batteries on October 18. Wayne left York, Pennsylvania in late May and joined Lafayette in central Virginia on June 11. Artillery at Yorktown: A Statistical Overview (Part 1 of 2) The Brigade Dispatch. Private . This database contains U.S. Navy muster rolls and associated reports of changes for U.S. Navy enlisted personnel who served on U.S. Navy ships or in other naval activities between 31 January 1938 and 31 December 1949. If you are searching within WO 69, search by name of non-commissioned officer or soldier within WO 69. Docketed by Knox's aide-de-camp, Samuel Shaw: "Prisoners of War under [Earl] Cornwallis." Historical Era American Revolution, 1763-1783 Subjects Muster Rolls and Returns Military History Revolutionary War Prisoner of War Battle The heavy cannons pounded the British mercilessly, and by October 11 had knocked out most of the British guns, the Army Heritage Center Foundation states. In 1779, despite Louis support, the Continental Army, was still struggling. The Founding Father wasnt the top pick of Major General Marquis de Lafayette for the job, but Hamilton, who wanted to improve his reputation by proving himself on the battlefield, talked Washington into it. Lord North resigns 15 days later. Their forces were well-equipped and expertly trained. Yorktown Battlefield 10-Mile Run At that point, Hamilton and his men rallied from their trenches and sprinted across a quarter-mile of field with fixed bayonets. Joseph Savage of the former regiment. Research our Records The National Archives holds records relating to military service during the Revolutionary War, including both Continental troops and state troops that served as Continental troops. The 3rd Regiment had been raised primarily in Massachusetts. The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. $249.99 Add to Favorites . Aerial. present With the mission refocused on taking Cornwalliss army in Yorktown, the French continued their trek for 300 miles and five weeks and helped win a critical victory for the Americans. October 14. The second type of service . Knoxs direction to use ricochet firing and the extensive use of howitzers and mortars reduced the need for observing precisely where each round landed, facilitating night firing. With the Continental Army positioned in New York, Washington and Rochambeau teamed to plan a timed attack on Clinton with the arrival of more French forces. Research Guide: Crew Lists and Muster Rolls - Navy Nov. 5, 1781 That contingent was further weakened due to a September 23 altercation between Duffy and another officer, leading to Duffys arrest, court martial, and dismissal from the service on October 12. In a field outside of Yorktown, the capitulation takes place as British troops and their Hessian allies, with flags furled and cased, march sullenly between contingents of American and French forces. is my 5x gr. Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (1906), Vol. Oct . [16], Although Knoxs gunners were primarily engaged managing siege weapons, they had also brought field artillery to Yorktown. It was obvious that the Americans needed a big victory if they were to convince the peace conference in Europe that they had a right to demand independence for all thirteen colonies, writes Thomas Fleming in his book,Yorktown. Navy muster rolls from 1860 to 1939 are found in two different series in Record Group 24, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel: Muster Rolls of Ships, 1860-1900 (Entry PI-123 132; National Archives Identifier 563603 ) This series is arranged in three chronological segments (1860-1879, 1880-1891, and 1892 . Sergt. Use the arrows at the bottom of the tour to navigate between scenes and click the tour points to learn more about the battlefield. By mid-September 1781, Washington and Rochambeau arrived in Williamsburg, Virginia, 13 miles from the tobacco port of Yorktown, where Cornwalliss men had built a defense of 10 small forts (a.k.a. Information available in the index includes: Use this information to then find the corresponding image of the record on which the soldier appears. Stop the Largest Rezoning in Orange County History. Access to Military Service and Pension Records. The siege was a decisive Franco-American victory: after the surrender of British Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis on October 17, the government of Lord North fell, and its replacement entered into peace negotiations that resulted . 1. Sick at F USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration Capt. Francis Bilas But the demoralizing loss at Yorktown diminished the British will to continue to fight the rebels. As American troops hack at the abatis with axes, the British are alerted. The successful siege allowed the allies to complete the second parallel trench and snuffed out the last remains of resistance among the British. In a final effort on October 16, Cornwallis attempted a nighttime sea evacuation, but he was stopped by a storm. As the work on the parallels continues, the British attempt to disrupt Allied operations by using what little artillery they have left. Present Oct . Cornwallis received the unfortunate (for him) news that Clinton's departure from New York had been delayed.. The American Gunners at Yorktown Information of genealogical interest includes the application itself, which can provide the soldiers name, rank, unit, time of service, age, date of birth, residence, and sometimes birthplace. Oct . died Oct. 21, 1781 The men detailed for service in the batteries formed each day at 11 A.M. before marching to their assigned battery or redoubt for a twenty-four-hour tour of duty beginning at noon. Aerial Assortments. September 21, 1781, GLC02437.01186, and A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22, 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; Revolutionary War Pension Application W9944 for William Madison, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC, Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration, microfilm publication M804, Fold3.com website, accessed January 15, 2015 (location cited hereafter as RWPA). But historians have said it cannot be true. Those of the Italian Legion no longer survive. Oct . You can browse these by regiment. Gen. Anthony Wayne, February 26 and April 8, 1781, and Wayne to Washington, May 26 and July 8, 1781, Founders Online website, accessed January 12, 2017; A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated Thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; George W. Kyte, General Wayne Marches South, 1781, Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 30 (1963): 305-307; Berg, Encyclopedia of Continental Army Units, 26; Orderly Book of the Siege of Yorktown (Philadelphia: Horace W. Smith, 1865), 35-36; Frances B. Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army During the War of the Revolution (Washington: W.H. George Washington's Integrated Army - American Battlefield Trust To maintain stealth, soldiers do not to load or prime their weapons. 2010), pp. PA Revolutionary War Records from Archives. The Continental Army, on the other hand, drew men of diverse ages and backgrounds into an undisciplined force. Serious fighting ensues in close quarters, but the British are overwhelmed. Sergt. Archives, Open Government Licence Althause's Company of New York Volunteers Blindfolded and brought inside American lines, the British officer secures terms of surrender for the British Army. You can use these records to trace the outline of a soldiers service in the British Army between c.1730 and 1898. [1] Robert Selig, The March to Victory: Washington, Rochambeau, and the Yorktown Campaign of 1781, CMH Pub. Analysis of the Muster Rolls. Rolling Thunder. He would fool Clinton into thinking the Continentals were planning to attack New York while instead sneaking away to the south to attack Cornwallis, according to the Army Heritage Center Foundation. 1832, he says that there are in his department no rolls of the State troops except those of Virginia, and no rolls of the militia except those of New Hampshire. This database is a collection of records kept by the National Archives listing men who fought for the colonies in the American Revolutionary War. Not at Yorktown surrender. These show a total of 235 officers and men which, with the addition of regimental staff, is consistent with the total of 242 in the October 1, 1781 return. Revolutionary War Records, Correspondence, 1765-1830 (33 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Council of Safety, 1775-1776 (4 folders) Revolutionary War Records, General Assembly, 1776 (2 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Loyalist Records, 1775-1783 (10 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Military Records, 1775-1908 (41 folders) Box 3 Copyright 1996-presentThese pages may be freely linked to but not duplicated in any fashion without my written consent. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior. [5], Washington had ordered Maj. Gen.Marquis de Lafayette to take 1,200 Continentals from the army in New York to Virginia in February 1781 to oppose British forces then threatening that state, instructing Lafayette to confer with General Knox concerning needed artillery support. At 1057, Lieutenant Michio Kobayashi and his 18-dive bomber unit took off from Hiryu to attack American carrier Yorktown, escorted by 6 fighters. Sick at F [18], Daily reports by the field officer of the batteries were required to mention casualties as well as ammunition consumed. Another British victory, in the Battle of Camden, followed in August 1780. A total of 14,000 men were recruited, although none saw active service: they were disbanded after the war. [4] Commissary General Samuel Hogdgon to Gen. Henry Knox, September 8, 1781, GLC02437.01173 and Invoice of Ordnance & Military Stores forwarded to the Southern Army, GLC02437.01168, GLI; Col. John Lamb to Lt. George Leacraft, September 25, 1781, and Col. John Lamb to Gen. Henry Knox, September 28, 1781, John Lamb Letterbooks, New York Historical Society, New York, NY; Francis S. Drake, Life and Correspondence of Henry Knox (Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1873), 71. pp. Of his 400 infantrymen, Hamilton lost just nine in the attack, with some 30 wounded, while the 400 French-led troops lost 27 men, with 109 wounded, according to Fleming. grandfather. Great article about the Yorktown artillerymen . web pages Description books of sappers, miners, artificers and the like, 1756-1833, are in WO 54/310-316. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Record types contained in this collection include: Revolutionary War American Forces included various organizations formed by the Continental Congress as well as individual states, counties, and towns. Muster rolls for the other two regiments for early 1782 are proxies for the September 1781 rolls. From 1878 to 1898, all muster rolls and pay lists are in WO 16. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. In the summer of 1780, 5,500 French troops, with Comte de Rochambeau at the helm, landed in Newport, Rhode Island to aid the Americans. To view the muster roll or pay list itself you will need to order the original document. Please note, a small selection of muster rolls and pay lists from WO 12 are available online via Ancestry (). Watch our webinar on Army musters more than just accounts which tells you what you can discover in the records. Muster rolls for the other two regiments for early 1782 are proxies for the September 1781 rolls. July 3, 1780: Oneidas attacked by Indians and Tories. Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg Colonial National Historical Park preserves the Yorktown Battlefield, one of the most pivotal Revolutionary War battlefields and a must-see for any Revolutionary War enthusiast. Ensign Italso cemented Washingtons reputation as a great leader and eventual election as first president of the United States. Lambs second-in-command was Lt. Col. Ebenezer Stevens and for the southern campaign Knox augmented the regiments staff with Maj. Sebastian Bauman, then commanding the artillery at West Point. By October 17 most of the British artillery facing the allied forces had been silenced and Cornwallis had taken nearly 500 casualties. Why did the French send troops to aid the Continental Army in the War for Independence? Now, there was revenge - the Patriot rallying cry Tarleton's Quarter 37. In the afternoon, the Allied barrage begins, with the French opening the salvo. New Yorker Assortment, 1 Box. To identify state and military unit of interest . Althause's Company of New York Volunteers The siege of Charleston in May 1780 was one of the worst American defeats of the Revolutionary War. Every two days each pair of officers switched assignments between the batteries and the park. The attack on redoubt No. This guide provides advice on finding records held at The National Archives known as muster rolls, pay lists and description books. This small diverse group performed brilliantly, winning the respect of their French counterparts. United States Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 FamilySearch Siege of Yorktown - Wikipedia battle of yorktown muster rolls - fondation-fhb.org The password for the operation is Rochambeau, which the Americans translate as Rush on boys! The assault commences with a diversionary attack on a redoubt further to the north of Yorktown at 6:30 p.m., giving the appearance that the town itself was to be stormed. You may also need to know the relevant regimental district numbers, a key to which can be found in the record summary of WO 16. As one of four experienced field officers of artillery, he would prove to be a valuable addition to Knoxs force during the siege.[8]. Don't miss my book on the Loyalist Isaac Vollick (aka Van Valkenburg). Oct . Records in this collection are arranged into three categories . Valley Forge Muster Roll. PDF VIRGINIA MILITIA IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR - RootsWeb 19, 1781 Ludwig Credit: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images, How Alexander Hamilton's Men Surprised the Enemy at the Battle of Yorktown, https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/siege-of-yorktown. Thomas Pattens small company of artificers that supported the artillerymen. Althause Jr. The mission was a success, with the King agreeing to send muskets, mortars, gunpowder, and cash to America. By October 7 many persons were busily employed there. From 1888 onwards, the series contains only muster rolls, there are no longer any pay lists and by 1898 muster rolls were no longer kept by the War Office either. Their daily rate of fire averaged 686 rounds varying from a low of about 240 to a high of over 1,600; American gunners hurled over one hundred tons of metal at the British during the bombardment. These documents include muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other miscellaneous personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units, 1775-83. . For the militias contribution see William W. Reynolds, The Virginia Militia at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 67 (2015): 175-176. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, Sept.-Oct., 1781. Specifying only 160 militiamen suggests that Knox had determined he needed a total of 420 auxiliaries, since there were plenty of militiamen available to him at Yorktown. [2], The regiment that marched south was comprised of seven companies, raised primarily in New York, whose captains were: Thomas Bliss; John Doughty; George Fleming; Thomas Machin; Gershom Mott; Jacob Reed; and William Stevens. In this encounter, called the Battle of the Capes, the British fleet is soundly defeated and forced to abandon Cornwalliss army at Yorktown. The Battle of Yorktown proved to be the decisive engagement of the American Revolution. Rank Oct . 2. The defenders were a motley collection of colonists, from various New England colonies. [1], Gen. George Washingtons determination of units from the American Army in New York that would march to Yorktown in August 1781 included only one artillery regiment, the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment. Knox rotated this duty among the company officers of all four Continental artillery regiments. During the American Revolution, the colonies were facing a superpower. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! Hockman For nearly a week the artillery barrage is ceaseless, shattering whatever nerve the British have remaining and punching holes in British defenses. redoubts) with artillery batteries and connecting trenches. [19] Daily Reports by Field Officers of the Batteries, GLC02437.01228, 01229 and 01232, and Invoice of stores on the lines October 19th 1781, GLC02437.01242, GLI; Howard H. Peckham, The Toll of Independence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 92. Washington orders troops to dig a second parallel 400 yards closer to the British lines. Olive Tree Genealogy was chosen by Family Tree Magazine as one of the 101 Best Genealogy Websites 2017! New Jersey Regiments in the Continental Army - American Revolutionary War Alternatively, search The National Archives Library to see what is available to consult at Kew. The books themselves are in alphabetical order of soldiers names. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! [Return of prisoners taken at the surrender of the British garrisons of militia employed in the summer and autumn of 1777 to oppose the British invasion at Brandywine and on the flanks at the battle of Germantown, though in neither case did they actually see action. Search New Jersey Revolutionary War Rolls, . Historic Valley Forge: Who served here Private The number of unexploded shells out of the 2,178 fired by American gunners is unknown so any such problem cannot be quantified. The 1st Regiment did not reach Charleston before Lincoln surrendered the city to the British, so it joined the Southern Army under Gen. Horatio Gates (and later, Gen. Nathanael Greene) and served in the Carolinas. Harrisburg: Harrisburg Publishing Co. Harrisburg, Pa., Harrisburg Publishing Co., state printer, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Regimental histories, Pennsylvania -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Sources, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Registers, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). Regular military units created by the Continental Congress comprised the Continental Army. The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle because of the presence of Germans in all three armies, began September 28, 1781 and ended on October 19, 1781, in Yorktown, Virginia. Record of Service of Connecticut Men in the War of the Revolution This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. Their attempts prove futile. The American portion of that artillery force consisted of fewer than 400 gunners of the Continental artillery. It is all over. Prime Minister Frederick North exclaimed upon hearing of the Yorktown surrender, writes Alan Taylor in American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750-1804. We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. Forty percent of the American rounds fired were from mortars and howitzers, accounting for nearly seventy percent of the weight of metal fired. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. l Thomas Quint Deserted This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. October 11. The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of the American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, and French Army troops led Search the history of over 806 billion At that time, musicians played in the regiment in which they enlisted, not in a large massed band. Corp'l v3.0, Household troops, cavalry, guards, regular infantry, special regiments and corps, colonial troops, foreign legions and regiments, and regimental, brigade and other depots, From 1816 to 1856, the musters are principally of the Royal Corps of Sappers and Miners, and list only NCOs and other ranks. Your email address will not be published. In 1777, a delegation headed by Benjamin Franklin arrived at the court of Louis XVI to negotiate an alliance between the United States and France. To prevent the British defenders from escaping the coming onslaught, Lt. Col. John Laurenss troops cover the rear of the redoubt. Alex Collins [9], Knox undoubtedly knew before he left New York that he would not have trained gunners sufficient for the number of pieces of siege artillery he planned to take to Yorktown, and this muster provided confirmation. Missing These records can be an excellent source for names, dates, locations, and family relationships. On June 17, 1775, as British redcoats marched up the heights of Bunker Hill outside of Boston, Massachusetts, they were met with a hail of musketry from the defenders of the earthen redoubt. The legend about the British singing a popular tune called The World Turned Upside Down originated 30 years after the war in Alexander GardensAnecdotes of the American Revolution2ndseries (Charleston, 1828), p. 18. [6], Washington next ordered Brig. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls; NAID: 602384; War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; The National Archives in Washington, D.C. The text in the cartouche of the Bauman Map of the Siege of Yorktown, Library of Congress File G3884.Y6S3 1782.B3, states that eighteen pieces of artillery were in service by October 10, 1782, and Maj. Bauman was a particularly qualified source of such information. If a soldier did not receive an army pension then these may be the only records that survive for him. Proclaimed traitors to the US 1778. [11], A detail of artillerymen was appointed each day to work during daylight hours in the artillery parks laboratory where ammunition was prepared for delivery to the batteries. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. or Yorktown. Missing Required fields are marked *. Lieut. Search by name of regiment and specify the appropriate record series from the table below. On receiving word that the French fleet will be available for a siege south of New Jersey,Washington and Rochambeau move their force of almost 8,000 men south to Virginia, planning to join and lead about 12,000 other militia, French troops, and Continental troops in a siege of Yorktown. Still, The World Turned Upside Down creates the perfect ending to an event that changed the nation and the world. Jno. Carrington accepted on August 7 and had arrived in Virginia by September 21. The files can contain a wide variety of records submitted to support an application. The muster rolls are on fold3.com. Fix Bayonets: The Revolutions Climactic Assault at Yorktown, The Southern Theater of the American Revolution, Baumans Plan of the Investment of York and Gloucester, Yorktown | Assaults on Redoubts 9 and 10 | Oct 14, 1781. Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. Counting only those in the first parallel yields a total of thirty-eight pieces. Sick at F Battle Of Yorktown 4-1, 1 Box. Mathias Fredom Yorktown order of battle | Military Wiki | Fandom Joseph Savage to Lafayette, May 26, 1781, GLC02437.00955, Return of the Companies of Artillery attached to the Brigades of the Line-Octr 5, 1781, GLC02437.01208, and Capt. But I guess since, Appreciated Stuarts podcast and learned a lot. Oct . There are also description books for the Royal Artillery, 1749-1863 and 1773-1876, in WO 54/260-309 and WO 69/74-80, respectively, and for the Royal Irish Artillery, 1756-1774, in WO 69/620.